New York’s Secret Senate, Highway Love, and Political Machines: 2024 in Review

New York Focus reporter Sam Mellins reflects on what he learned this year, and teases what lies ahead for 2025.

Sam Mellins   ·   December 23, 2024
Photograph of Sam Mellins in front of a photo of Route 17 in New York, showing signs to Scranton and Syracuse.
| Photos: Doug Kerr / Flickr; New York Focus

From now until Dec. 31, your donation to New York Focus is tripled by matching donors. Support us here.

This was a fun year. I got ejected from a Governor Kathy Hochul event, used the Freedom of Information Law to learn what hackers stole from the state government, and found that the view of the Hudson along the Penn Station to Albany Amtrak line still hasn’t gotten old.

I covered topics ranging from how the state is failing to address its housing crisis to accounting trickery that could net the state government $4 billion from Washington DC.

Thinking over my favorite reporting from this year, three themes emerged that seem key to understanding New York in 2024. Here they are:

Making the Sausage: How Your Politicians Strike Deals in Secret

As we at New York Focus never tire of saying, Albany is infamous for its secrecy and the roadblocks it puts in the way of nosy reporters. This year, I was proud of coverage that illuminated two previously hidden aspects of governing New York.

One, which I covered with Chris Bragg and Akash Mehta, was the state Senate Working Rules Group. Each year, in the final days of the legislative session, a select group of state senators chosen by Majority Leader Andrea Stewart-Cousins meets to decide the fate of hundreds of outstanding bills. Everything about the group is secret: its membership, its meetings, its decisions, the bills it considers, and its existence itself. Before our coverage, it had never been the subject of a news article. Not everyone was happy about us shining a light on it — the Senate spokesperson cursed out my colleague — but that’s often the sign of a good story.

The other entry in this category chronicled how a wealthy neighborhood in Westchester used an arcane legislative trick to get itself excluded from a statewide law. In 2023, lawmakers passed a measure making it harder for parts of towns to break away and form new villages. That’s something that Edgemont, a ritzy neighborhood in the town of Greenburgh, wants to do. So they pressured their legislators and the governor and got a unique, 16-year exemption from the law that applies nowhere else in New York state. This was the story of how.

Hochul ❤️ Highways

It’s been a big year for transportation policy in the Hochul administration, and not only because of the governor’s decision to plunge the MTA’s finances into chaos with her six-month pause of Manhattan’s congestion pricing program.

In February, I wrote a story that brought to light her administration’s love affair with highways and how it threatens to undercut President Joe Biden’s climate legacy. Biden’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law sent New York billions of dollars that by default goes mostly to roads, but can be significantly shifted to mass transit at the governor’s request.

Hochul has largely ignored that option. The story found that the overwhelming majority of the spending from this pot has gone to highways, locking New York into a cycle of car dependence and greenhouse gas emissions. If governors around the country do the same, Biden’s infrastructure law could actually accelerate climate change, rather than help combat it, as he intended.

Another story examined what this means in practice. In September, the state Department of Transportation released a study of a proposed highway expansion in the Catskills that Hochul has highly praised. It found that the project will likely cost $1.3 billion. The expected time savings for drivers: one to six minutes.

The Demise of Machine Politics Has Been Greatly Exaggerated

Backroom dealings in the style of Tammany Hall are a thing of the past — or so we’d like to believe. Some of my reporting this year cast light on the areas where machine politics still rule the day. In a multi-part investigation, Chris Bragg and I showed how money and power flow through the Bronx Democratic Party, enriching and granting jobs to party faithful.

It started when our review of campaign finance data revealed that $400,000 sent from the Democratic Assembly Campaign Committee to the Bronx Democratic Party had vanished from the party’s public reports. That finding prompted the party to disclose the missing cash and then some, which turned into a series revealing that:

Our reporting on flows of money and power in the Bronx is continuing into 2025.

What else should I look into in 2025? Let me know: sam@nysfocus.com.

At New York Focus, our central mission is to help readers better understand how New York really works. If you think this article succeeded, please consider supporting our mission and making more stories like this one possible.

New York is an incongruous state. We’re home to fabulous wealth — if the state were a country, it would have the tenth largest economy in the world — but also the highest rate of wealth inequality. We’re among the most diverse – but also the most segregated. We passed the nation’s most ambitious climate law — but haven’t been meeting its deadlines and continue to subsidize industries hastening the climate crisis.

As New York’s only statewide nonprofit news publication, our journalism exists to help you make sense of these contradictions. Our work scrutinizes how power works in the state, unpacks who’s really calling the shots, and reveals how obscure decisions shape ordinary New Yorkers’ lives.

In the last two decades, the number of local news outlets in New York have been nearly slashed in half, allowing elected officials and powerful individuals to increasingly operate in the dark — with the average New Yorker none the wiser.

We’re on a mission to change that. Our work has already shown what can happen when those with power know that someone is watching, with stories that have prompted policy changes and spurred legislation. We have ambitious plans for the rest of the year and beyond, including tackling new beats and more hard-hitting stories — but we need your help to make them a reality.

If you’re able, please consider supporting our journalism with a one-time gift or a monthly gift. We can't do this work without you.

Thank you,

Akash Mehta
Editor-in-Chief
Sam Mellins is senior reporter at New York Focus, which he has been a part of since launch day. His reporting has also appeared in The San Francisco Chronicle, The Intercept, THE CITY, and The Nation. 
Also filed in New York State

The state is due to unveil a “cap and invest” program — its biggest effort yet to fund climate initiatives. But fears about hiking prices may limit its scope.

A newly obtained document sheds light on how the disavowed diagnosis infiltrated the Rochester Police Department before Prude’s death.

An advisory group set up under a 2021 state law finalized its proposals to cut child poverty in half.

Also filed in Budget

New York has a little-noticed tool to shift billions of highway dollars to climate-friendly public transit projects. The governor doesn’t seem interested.

Here’s a simple explanation of a complicated and archaic formula — and why the state is updating it.

New financial disclosures show when Mujica began consulting for the Greater New York Hospital Association.

Also filed in Housing

A newly discovered 80-page housing package would have included good cause eviction, but legislators were dissuaded by Kathy Hochul’s opposition.

For tenants in the first upstate city to adopt rent stabilization, benefiting from the law’s basic protections is an uphill battle.

Advocates charge that New York’s restrictions for sex offense registrants are “vague, expansive, and unnecessary.” On Tuesday, they filed a federal lawsuit to strike them down.

Also filed in Transit

As the state’s plans to get New Yorkers out of their cars stall, Governor Hochul is championing a highway expansion in the Hudson Valley.

From New York City to Buffalo, people are driving a lot more than they did before the pandemic.

There are at least three ways a Trump administration could try to stop the transit-funding toll.